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Archives for September 2020

How to Increase the Use of Clean Cookstoves and Solar Lighting in Rural Ethiopia and Beyond

Credit: Becky Williams CC License/Flickr

In rural Ethiopia women are more likely than men to collect firewood and cook over stoves that emit harmful smoke. Meanwhile, men are more likely than women to control how household income is spent. Accordingly, men are less likely than women to purchase improved cooking stoves that emit fewer pollutants while cooking.

This is the case in rural Ethiopia and also across rural communities throughout much of the developing world.   

Dr. Sied Hassan, sought to dig deeper into this phenomenon.  He designed an inventive field experiment to uncover the willingness of men versus the willingness of women to pay for an improved cookstove. Dr. Sied Hassan is a research fellow at Ethiopian Policy Studies institute, a think tank in Ethiopia. He discusses his experiment and the very big policy implications of his findings. We also discuss a related experiment in which he tested various methods to increase the willingness of rural households to pay for solar lighting. 

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Today’s episode is part of series of episodes that showcase the research and work of the Sustainable Energy Transitions Initiative. SETI is an interdisciplinary global collaborative that aims to foster research on energy access and energy transitions in low and middle-income countries. Currently, SETI is housed at Duke University, where it is led by Professors Subhrendu Pattanayak and Marc Jeuland. To learn more about SETI, follow them on Twitter @SETIenergy.

What the UN’s 75th Anniversary Means for International Relations

On Monday, September 21 the United Nations officially commemorated its 75th anniversary. The centerpiece of this commemoration is a declaration from all 193 member states of the United Nations that reaffirming their commitment to international cooperation to advance peace and security, human rights and development. 

The 75th anniversary of the UN provides a good opportunity to reflect on the changing role of the United Nations and of multilateralism more broadly in international relations.  On the line with me to discuss these questions and more is Ambassador Elizabeth Cousens, President and CEO of the United Nations Foundation. We kick off discussing the significance of the UN 75 Declaration before having a broader conversation about the role of the United Nations and multilateralism in international relations today. 

The UN 75 Declaration

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Climate and Security in Colombia

Credit: Mark Koester via flickr/CC

This episode was taped live in front of a virtual audience and featured four panelists discussing the intersection of climate and security in Colombia. 

The experts and policymakers featured in this conversation bring diverse backgrounds and perspectives on the links between climate variability and security in an historically conflict-prone country. 

This episode is part of a series of episodes examining the relationship between climate and security, produced in partnership with CGIAR, the world’s largest global agricultural innovation network.  

Panelists include: 

Governor Luis Fernando Suarez, acting governor of the Antioquia department, Former Secretary of Government during several periods and a key player in the efforts city and regional governments deployed since the 90’s to counter different waves of political and criminal violence in the Department. 

Angelika Rettberg,  professor of Political Science at the Universidad de los Andes in Bogotá, Colombia. She was part of the government delegation that tried to negotiate with the ELN, which is  one of the older insurgent groups that has not signed a peace agreement with the government. 

Frank Pearl, former Minister of Environment of Colombia, the High Presidential Commissioner for Reintegration,  and Senior Lead Peace negotiator during the peace talks between the Colombian Government and the FARC, which lead to the Peace agreement of 2016.  He was also chief negotiator with the ELN 

 Juan Lucas Restrepo,  Director General of the Alliance between Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture with CGIAR

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The ‘Hotel Rwanda’ Hero is the Latest Victim of The Rwandan Government’s Crackdown on Dissidents

On August 27th Paul Rusesabagina flew from his home in Texas to Dubai. Three days later, he mysteriously appeared in Kigali, Rwanda, where authorities proudly proclaimed his arrest.

He would not be the first person whom the Rwandan government has targeted this way —  but he is arguably the highest profile. 

Paul Rusesabagina was the manager of a high-end hotel in Kigali, Rwanda as the genocide unfolded. His heroism was dramatized in the film Hotel Rwanda. 

On the line with me to discuss this situation is Lewis Mudge, the Central Africa Director of Human Rights Watch. We discuss how this government action against Rusesabagina’s fits into larger patterns of how the regime of Paul Kagame has targeted dissidents

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abroad. 

https://www.undispatch.com/category/podcast/
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The Links Between Climate and Security in the Sahel

Des #casquesbleus de la #MINUSMA mènent des manœuvres militaires, lors de l’opération #Frelana, afin de participer à la sécurisation des habitants des villages riverains de l’axe #Gossi-#Gao. Photo : MINUSMA/Harandane Dicko

The Sahel region of Africa is routinely cited by the United Nations as one of the regions in the world that is most vulnerable to climate change.

Many of the trends around climate change, like droughts and flooding, are felt more acutely by people in this region than anywhere else in the world. It is also a region with some profound security challenges, including political instability, armed conflict and insurgencies, extreme poverty and high levels of food insecurity. 

The international community has long sought to support peace and security in the region, but the results are mixed. One of the UN’s larger peacekeeping missions is currently deployed to Mali and France is supporting a five country counter-terrorism force known as the G-5 Sahel.  Yet despite these efforts, the security conditions across the region are tenuous. 

According to the OECD, with the exception of Senegal, every country in this region is considered either fragile or extremely fragile. 

This special Global Dispatches podcast episode features a diverse array of participants who bridge discussions about climate and security in the Sahel that too often happen independent of each other.  The panelists tackle questions around climate and security by drawing on perspectives of experts who do not always find themselves in the same room. The goal of this episode is to connect experts working on climate change, food systems and security, so they can potentially bring some new ideas to the table and perhaps chart some innovative solutions to the myriad of challenges facing the region.

This episode is part of a series of episodes examining the relationship between climate and security, produced in partnership with CGIAR, the world’s largest global agricultural innovation network. This episode was taped live in front of a virtual audience and featured five panelists discussing the intersection of climate and security in the Sahel region of Africa.

Her Excellency, Ms. Rigmor Elianne Koti, is Norway’s Special Representative for the Sahel.

Dr. Rober Zougmoré, is the Africa Program Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

Dr. Bruno Charbonneau, is the Director, Centre FrancoPaix in Conflict Resolution and Peace Mission and professor of international studies at the the Royal Military College in Canada

Dr. Catherine-Lune Grayson Senior Policy Advisor, International Committee of the Red Cross 

Ornella Moderan who is head of the Sahel Program at the Institute for Security Studies. 

The Sahel region of Africa is one of the regions of the world that is most impacted by climate change. It is also a region beset by instability, insecurity and conflict. This episode unpacks some of these complex linkages.

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Better Know John Maynard Keynes

John Maynard Keynes died 74 years ago, but his ideas are surprisingly relevant to understanding the world today. Though primarily known for his pioneering economic ideas, a new biography shows Keynes profound influence on international relations — an influence that can be felt to this day. 

 Zachary Carter, Senior Reporter with HuffPost and author of the The Price of Peace: Money, Democracy, and the Life of John Maynard Keynes, discusses Keynes’ impact on international relations and why his ideas are still sparking debates about the relationship between economics and peace today.  

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